Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences

Research Article

28/2/2016

The Effect of Ginger Hydroalcholic Extract on Rat Ileal Contraction in Vitro

Ahmad Ali Jalali-Nezhad, Farzaneh Farajian-Mashhadi, Gholamreza Komeili, Farzaneh Barkhordari-Ahmadi

Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male rat divided to 5 groups (n = 8 in each group) randomly. Groups were consisting: ginger alone, KCl + ginger, carbachol + ginger, pretreated with L-NAME and KCl + ginger, pretreated with verapamil and KCl + ginger. To investigate the mechanism underlying relaxation induced by ginger extract on rat ileum, isolated rat ileum segments were pre-contracted by KCl 120 μmol or carbachol 100 μmol and then relaxation response induced by ginger hydroalcholic extracts (with 100 or 200 µg/mL of organ bath) was studied in the presence of verapamil (a calcium channel blocker agents) and L-NAME (a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor).

Research Article

28/2/2016

Genotyping of Hepatitis B Virus by Multiplex PCR in Sistan and Baluchestan Province

Kajal Yoosefi, Mohsen Taheri, Soheila Khosravi, Esmaeel Saneie-Moghadam, Amir Hossein Mohagheghi-Fard

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been classified into 8 genotypes (A - H) according to at least 8% difference in complete nucleotide sequences or more than 4% in S gene. Different genotypes of HBV have important roles in development of certain disorders as: hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, knowing the distribution of HBV genotypes, have considerable impacts on treatment strategies, vaccination program, diagnosis and prevention.

Patients and Methods: In this descriptive study, 163 patients infected with HBV were selected over the first 6 months (beginning from March 2012 onward). All the patients were HBsAg (hepatitis B surface antigen) and HBeAg (extracellular form of HBcAg) positive along with viral load > 10000 copies/mL. After DNA extraction from the patients’ sera, viral genotypes were determined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using special primers for each genotype.

Research Article

28/2/2016

Maryam Salehi, Mahvash Jafari, Alireza Asgari, Mohammad Salimian, Maryam Abbasnezhad, Reza Haji Hosseini, Mansoureh Hajigholamali

Research Article

28/2/2016

Study of the Antibacterial Activity of Methanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Myrtus communis on Pathogenic Strains Causing Infection

Behrooz Alizadeh Behbahani, Farideh Tabatabaei Yazdi, Hamid Noorbakhsh, Fatemeh Riazi, Amir Jajarmi, Forouzan Tabatabaei Yazdi

Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the tests were carried out using disk agar diffusion method at four extract concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/mL). The MICs and MBCs of the extracts of M. communis were determined by agar dilution method. Average results were reported as the mean and standard error (mean ± SE) and SPSS-18 statistical software, oneway ANOVA followed by Turkey’s test were used to do inter-group comparison, while considering P ≤ 0.05 as the significance level.

Results: Methanol extract of M. communis exhibited significant antibacterial activity in the concentration of 20 mg/mL (P ≤ 0.05) against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis with a greater inhibition zone of 20 mm, while a 14 mm zone of inhibition was observed in Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts ranged between 2 mg/mL and 128 mg/mL while the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranged between 4 mg/mL and 256 mg/mL.

Research Article

20/2/2016

Stereological Analysis of Colon Under Exposure of L-Arginine and L-NAME in Female Wistar Rats

Keywan Mortezaee, Fatemeh Sabbaghziarani, S. Mohammad Hossein Noori-Mugahi, Fatemeh Moghani-Ghoroghi, Makan Sadr

Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 female rats (200 - 250 g, 8 weeks age) were divided into 5 groups (N = 8). Normal saline (2 mL/kg), L-arginine (200 mg/kg), L-NAME (20 mg/kg) and L-arginine + L-NAME (with the same doses) were administered i.p. for 3 days. After 2 weeks, the colon was removed, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) and evaluated under light microscopy. Colonic mucosal thickness, gland height and diameter, and total thickness of the wall were measured using optical software and analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test using SPSS-16. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Research Article

27/2/2016

Ex-Vivo Gene Therapy Using Lentiviral Mediated Gene Transfer Into Umbilical Cord Blood Derived Stem Cells

Hanieh Jalali, Kazem Parivar, Masoud Soleimani, Mohammad Nabiuni, Hamid Aghaee-Bakhtiari

Background: Introduction of therapeutic genes into the injured site of nervous system can be achieved using transplantation of cellular vehicles containing desired gene. To transfer exogenous genes into the cellular vehicles, lentiviral vectors are one of interested vectors because of advantages such high transduction efficiency of dividing and non-dividing cells. Unrestricted somatic stem cells are subclasses of umbilical cord blood derived stem cells which are appreciate candidates to use as cellular vehicles for ex vivo gene therapy of nervous system.

Research Article

20/2/2016

Antifungal Effect of the Aqueous and Ethanolic Avicennia marina Extracts on Alternaria citri and Penicillium digitatum

Behrooz Alizadeh Behbahani, Farideh Tabatabaei Yazdi, Fakhri Shahidi, Fatemeh Riazi

Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, antimicrobial effects of extract were determined by screening antimicrobial activity and disk agar diffusion test in 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg/mL concentration of the extract against P. digitatum and A. citri. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined by incorporating various concentrations of extracts in Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) in tubes against P. digitatum and A. citri. The data were analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS-17.

Research Article

20/2/2016

Effect of Persian Sage (Salvia rhytidia) Extract on Histomorphometric Changes of Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus Following Ischemia-Reperfusion Injuries in Rat

Rahil Haghjoo, Mina Tadjalli

Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 35 male healthy Wistar rats between 250 - 350 g were randomly divided into 7 groups of 5 rats. Control group (A), ischemic groups (B, D, E, F, G) that left common carotid and left vertebral arteries were occluded for 10 minutes. Group D received S. rhytidia extract (3.2 mg/kg) and group E received silymarin (50 mg/kg), a chemical drug which is used for reducing oxidative stress, 2 hours after ischemia, whereas group F received S. rhytidia extract (3.2 mg/kg) and group G received silymarin (50 mg/kg), 72, 48, 24 and 0 hours before ischemia. Group B received no drug and sham group (C) received normal saline (NS) without ischemia. After 24 hours reperfusion, the brains of rats were prepared for histological studies and the data were analyzed using one way ANOVA and Duncan as posthoc test.

Short Communication

20/2/2016

Ecological Aspects of the Predominant Species of Phlebotominae Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Hamadan, Iran

Somayeh Rafatbakhsh-Iran, Aref Salehzadeh, Mansour Nazari, Amir Hosein Zahirnia, Behroz Davari, Milad Latifi, Parisa Chamanpara

Short Communication

20/2/2016

Effects of Aqueous Extract of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) on Hepatic Enzymes in Two Models of Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Majid Askaripour, S. Reza Fatemi-Tabatabaei, Foruzan Hosseini, Masoome Rashno, Shahab Ghaderi

Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 36 male Wistar rats randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 6): I) previously nephrectomized control, II) simultaneously nephrectomized control, III) previously nephrectomized + IR, IV) simultaneously nephrectomized + IR, V) previously nephrectomized treated by aqueous extract of P. oleracea L. + IR, VI) simultaneously nephrectomized treated by aqueous extract of P. oleracea L. + IR control and ischemia-reperfusion groups received vehicle and treatment groups received aqueous extract of purslane (300 mg/kg). In model 1, the right kidney was nephrectomized, 20 days prior to experiment, in model 2; nephrectomy was done just before induction of 45 minutes ischemia and 24 hours reperfusion to the left kidney.

Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: Feb 2016, 18 (2), 10 articles.